Additionally, GALEX observations are investigating the causes of star formation during a period when most of the stars and elements we see today had their origins. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. These data allow astronomers to find black holes and see the hot gas in clusters of galaxies.
Chandra is designed to observe high resolution X-rays images from high-energy regions of the universe. The Jansky Very Large Array, one of the world's premier astronomical radio observatories, consists of 27 radio antennas in a Y-shaped configuration on the Plains of San Agustin fifty miles west of Socorro, New Mexico. Each antenna is 25 meters 82 feet in diameter.
The data from the antennas is combined electronically to give the resolution of an antenna 36km 22 miles across, with the sensitivity of a dish meters feet in diameter. These data allow astronomers to probe black holes as well as star formation.
Subaru is an 8. It found protoplanetary disks, clumps of gas and dust around young stars that likely function as birthing grounds for new planets. It discovered that gamma-ray bursts — strange, incredibly powerful explosions of energy — can occur in far-distant galaxies when massive stars collapse. And these are only a handful of its many continuing contributions to astronomy.
Read news stories about Hubble discoveries. The telescope is an instrument for the entire astronomical community. Astronomers compete for time to use Hubble. More scientists want to use the telescope than time allows, so a review committee of astronomy experts has to pick out the best proposals from the bunch. To avoid bias, the competition process is double-blind. This means that not only are proposers unaware of the identity of the reviewers, but the reviewers are also not aware of the identities of proposers.
Each year around 1, proposals are reviewed and approximately are selected, for a total of about 20, individual observations. About the Hubble Space Telescope. There it is intercepted by pick-off mirrors that pass it into the scientific instruments. In the middle of the telescope are the reaction wheels and the bays that house the observatory's control electronics.
The aft shroud houses the scientific instruments, gyroscopes, and star trackers. Communications antennas Hubble performs in response to detailed instructions from people on the ground. Hubble has also captured images of many ancient galaxies , in all stages of evolution, and so lets scientists see back into the past days of a young and developing universe. The telescope was also instrumental in the discovery of dark energy, a little-known but ubiquitous force that works against gravity and contributes to the ongoing expansion of the universe.
Hubble also measures the atmospheres of planets outside our own solar system, exploring their compositions and building data that could someday aid the search for extraterrestrial life. Despite its many achievements, Hubble is likely nearing the end of its life. The telescope is due for its last periodic servicing in May Its successor, the James Webb Space Telescope, is scheduled for launch in Spitzer is an infrared orbiting telescope that can detect distant or faint sources of radiation that would otherwise be distorted by Earth's atmosphere.
Spitzer scientists often describe their mission as a search for "the old" the universe's earliest stars and galaxies , "the cold" brown dwarfs, possibly stars that failed to ignite, and circumstellar discs, broad rings of material orbiting a star and "the dirty" dust-obscured processes such as star and planet formation. Chandra captures the rays that emit from the universe's most violent events, such as supernovae. This radiation sheds light on the life cycles of stars, the formation of black holes, and the nature of quasars.
All rights reserved. Vast Amounts of Data Hubble's images have helped to pin down the age of the universe , which the expansion rate of pulsating stars suggests is some 13 billion to 14 billion years. Share Tweet Email. Why it's so hard to treat pain in infants. This wild African cat has adapted to life in a big city. Animals Wild Cities This wild African cat has adapted to life in a big city Caracals have learned to hunt around the urban edges of Cape Town, though the predator faces many threats, such as getting hit by cars.
India bets its energy future on solar—in ways both small and big. Environment Planet Possible India bets its energy future on solar—in ways both small and big Grassroots efforts are bringing solar panels to rural villages without electricity, while massive solar arrays are being built across the country.
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